Employment of Minors between the Ages of 12 and 18 Essay - 1

Work of Minors between the Ages of 12 and 18 - Essay Example (c) It is essential for the person to present the accompanying components before they can be allowed an endorsement: (1) A guaranteed duplicate of a birth endorsement or birth enlistment card; and (2) An announcement from the potential manager demonstrating that on the off chance that he were given an endorsement from the school administrator, he could utilize the minor promptly and portraying the sort of occupation advertised. It will be comprehended that the likely boss, by outfitting such explanation, doesn't vow to utilize the minor for a particular measure of time. (d) A duplicate of the authentication will be made a piece of the minors school record, for all minors between the ages of 16 and 18. The endorsement must show that the minor is in any event 16 years old so as to qualify the minor to work between the long periods of 9:00 P.M. what's more, 6:00 A.M. what's more, to be utilized in any of the occupations secured by Code Section 39-2-2. Notwithstanding the testament, the administrator of schools, or an approved individual from his staff, will give a distinguishing proof card to every minor in this class. The recognizable proof card will exhibit that the minor is qualified for business. The minor will then not need to achieve future business testaments except if his endorsement is denied by the Commissioner of Labor. (e)(1) The endorsement referenced above must be joined by a letter from the minors school chairman showing that the minor is taken on school full-time and has a decent participation record. The business of the minor must keep up a duplicate the authentication and the letter in the minors work document. The letter must be refreshed in January of every scholastic year during which the minor is working. This procedure will proceed until the minor turns 18, gets a secondary school confirmation, a general instructive turn of events (GED) recognition, a custom curriculum recognition, or an endorsement of secondary school finish, or has ended their optional training and is taken a crack at a postsecondary school. Any business neglecting to conform to these standards is blameworthy of an offense and whenever indicted willâ be subject to a fine not to surpass $1,000.00, as long as a year detainment, or both, for every infringement.

What are the major arguments for and against cutting ta an Example of the Topic Economics Essays by

What are the significant contentions for and against cutting expenses? A duty alludes to a money related charge or toll that is forced to an individual or legitimate element by an administration or state with the end goal for it to run the issues easily. Charges may either be immediate or circuitous and could be paid in cash or work equal. Assessments are authorized commitment in accordance with authoritative position. Need exposition test on What are the significant contentions for and against cutting duties? point? We will compose a custom exposition test explicitly for you Continue Understudies Very Often Tell EssayLab experts: What amount do I need to pay somebody to make my paper in time? Exposition author experts recommend: Buy An Essay Which Will Lead You To Your Academic Success Exposition Writer Helper Get Paid To Write Papers Best Essay Writing Service Essay Writing Service Reviews Expense approaches are generally utilized by a state to make employments and to realize financial development. Expenses are significant piece of expenses in any firm and any improvement underway relies upon the degree of charges and the duty motivating forces advertised. Anyway the assessment may have unimportant impact on the benefit of the firm in that a firm is confronted with more and noteworthy costs other than the duty. Duty becomes unimportant when is contrasted with area explicit expenses and other shifted area factors like qualified specialists, nearness to clients and quality open administrations since they can be more significant than charges. The nearness of these urgent area factors depends for the most part on each state and localitys duty to open venture and their capacity to pay them Robert (2004). Open venture can have significant constructive outcome in that it helps in bringing down the expenses of creation of a firm. For tax breaks and motivators to have beneficial outcomes to a business it relies upon how the firm will respond to the above area factors. Charges whenever expanded are accepted to animate monetary turn of events and work development that is, the point at which the duty is utilized to extend the amount and nature of open administrations. Five significant contentions for tax breaks and expense motivating forces offered at state and neighborhood level and accepted to achieve financial turn of events and work development are; the taxation rate, the flexibly symptoms, the business-atmosphere impacts and the seriousness ramifications of tax assessment. The Tax Burden Argument As indicated by this contention state and nearby business charges are large weights to the organizations that pay them. The charges bring down the incomes and incredibly increment the expenses of activity of the organizations. The subsequent low benefits can't be reinvested and in this manner no extra employing of laborers. State and neighborhood business tax reductions and motivating forces urges firms to spare their incomes and to decrease the expense of working business along these lines expanding benefits. Higher benefits realized by business tax reductions and motivations would urge firms to reinvest and grow. It will likewise invigorate speculators to move to different states that offer business motivating forces. The outcome will be enormous making of work openings Robert (2004). Anyway there are three fundamental imperfections in the taxation rate contention; The state and neighborhood charges are believed to be generally little weight on organizations. The charges dont diminish the benefit of the business altogether. The after duty paces of benefit dont fluctuate much inside enterprises by state. The charges are not seen as weight however as path by the state to get money related help to give open administrations that would have final product of decreasing business costs. The Supply-Side Argument As per this contention, tax reductions on organizations and people give motivating forces for work and lead to expanded reserve funds and venture in this way invigorating financial exercises. Tax breaks give people good to work extended periods of time and harder and would empower them to spare what they gain. Imminent financial specialists to begin new organizations may then utilize the investment funds of the people. Tax reductions on organizations would give speculation motivators by expanding gainfulness of a venture. Accordingly assets would be open for reinvestment Robert (2004). Anyway this contention can't be applied at state and nearby level as a result of the accompanying shortcomings; Partners of flexibly side financial matters exaggerate the legitimacy impacts of tax reductions on investment funds and work exertion. The tax reductions may not achieve low loan fees and expanded beneficial speculation in light of the fact that the people reserve funds from the tax reductions are unimportant. The interest symptoms, which are neglected by the gracefully side, may realize diminished monetary development and employment creation. The Demand-Side Argument As per this contention, tax breaks for people and organizations animate financial development from the part of spending. The tax reductions increment the salary of people and organizations. The somewhat expanded pay can be spared while the rest of the part can be utilized to purchase merchandise and ventures. Higher spending would expand the business volume and would animate firms to deliver more. Subsequently firms with strain to deliver more will be compelled to employ more specialists. In spite of the fact that tax reductions can prompt financial development and occupation creation, it remains constant in the event that it will prompt increment in spending. Then again it will prompt low monetary development and loss of occupations if the tax breaks lessens the degrees of spending Robert (2004). The state and neighborhood tax breaks cause organizations and people to spend more. It will make government income lessen, restricting the administration spending out in the open tasks. Request side hypothesis ought not be applied in light of the fact that it very well may be utilized to protect increments in state and nearby assessments. State and neighborhood charge augmentation will push the state and nearby government to spend more and abatement the individual and organizations spending The Business-Climate Argument This contends a state can advance financial improvement through making a favorable business atmosphere. Helpful business condition includes factors like foundation, charge and monetary measures, pointers of zones notoriety, and so on. The supporters of this hypothesis contend that lower charges and motivators improve the business atmosphere and the other way around. It is accepted that lower charges and extra business motivating forces are significant for monetary development and advancement since they give a feeling that the state is supporting business. Anyway the business atmosphere contention has the accompanying shortcomings; The business leaders are difficult to be convinced by feelings. They settle on choices dependent on the realities of business expenses and advantages. Firms that are working along assessments are less acclimated to the points of interest about expenses and benefits and are bound to fizzle since they will be not able to contend in the extreme market. Subsequently it will be self-destructive for the state and nearby government to provide tax reductions so as to energize organizations advancement Robert (2004). The nearness and extent of business charge motivating forces may disadvantageously impact the picture of a states business atmosphere. It can debilitate crucial elements that achieve setting of business condition for business setting incorporate proficiency and breadth of its open administrations which can be severely harmed by charge motivating forces. The Competitiveness Argument It is contended that it is significant for the state to be associated with the opposition. Assessment motivators make firms to move or remain in a given state. In this way expresses don't give tax reductions and impetuses will lose organizations to those that offer. This will impede the improvement of a given satiate to the detriment of different states that will grow financially, giving work to local people. In this way a state will be compelled to give moderate motivating forces to get by in the serious fight Robert (2004). This hypothesis anyway has imperfections in that tax breaks and motivating forces are unimportant to the business and that tax breaks and motivators are not productive utilization of state and neighborhood fund on the grounds that the cash lost by government as expense incomes is more than what the organizations gain as extra salary. Reference Robert, Lynch. Reevaluating Growth Strategies: How State and Local Taxes and Services Affect Economic Development. New York: Economic Policy Institute, 2004.

Genre Kryptonite Novels of Female Friendship

Genre Kryptonite Novels of Female Friendship This is a guest post by our current Rioter in Residence, Kevin Smokler. Kevin  is the author of forthcoming essay collection  Practical Classics: 50 Reasons to Reread 50 Books you Haven’t Touched Since High School(Prometheus Books, Feb. 2013) and the editor of  Bookmark Now: Writing in Unreaderly Times, A San Francisco Chronicle Notable Book of 2005. His work has appeared in the LA Times, Fast Company, Paid Content, The San Francisco Chronicle, Publishers Weekly and on National Public Radio. Follow him on  Twitter  @weegee. _________________________ I’ve never thought the purpose of reading fiction was to “relate” to the tale being told or see myself in the characters. I did read Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing about 65 times as a young boy because, like Peter Hatcher, I too had annoying little brothers. High Fidelity was my jam about a decade ago, right as I developed an interest in collecting vinyl. But really, is that all? Novels can give you a hug, and sometimes we need that. But more often, I’m reading to have my worldview grow, not to be patted on the back. Where this is probably most obvious is in my odd fondness for stories of women and their friendships with each other. I have read Waiting to Exhale around 11 times and was terribly sad and angry that the sequel Getting to Happy fell about 9 leagues short of the original. Sula was my sand bar in the ocean of Toni Morrison’s literary accomplishment. I received each successive volume of the Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants from my dad. I can tell you How To Make an American Quilt and a thing or two about Girls in Trucks. And J. Courtney Sullivan and Curtis Sittenfeld are my homegirls, if you really want to know. The why is both simple and not so. I came from a family of all brothers and bloomed late, so women are newer to me than, say, if I had sisters or went to Vassar for college. I like to read dialogue, and (gasp) novels featuring women friends involve a lot of sitting around and talking. After you go through a few of these novels, you realize reading about women helps a fella both communicate and understand women, which is a lot better than being the very kind of dumbfuck women talk about when they get together and commiserate. That’s the simple reason. The murkier one rests on questions of invitation. I’ve no doubt Terry McMillian wanted Waiting to Exhale to be a story about her and her black female peers. But it’s also a story about loyalty and family, career and growing older, and it manages to cover those bases in addition to being a story about African-American sisterhood, and not because it’s a story of African-American sisterhood. And I think the women writers who do this best (I am sure there are men who have written great female friendship books. One isn’t coming to me at the moment), sweep in the grander themes while wrestling with the particular. They seem aware that their stories have much to say beyond “this is a tale of people like me” and expect more from their readers than “Preach on!” That’s the invitation. I don’t hang out with any reader who has decided they aren’t into a particular literature simply because the characters aren’t exactly like them. I get that they feel uninvited to the party the author is throwing. But to this reader, a great book about female friendships doesn’t slam the gate on other kinds of readers, doesn’t uninvite. Every author I’ve mentioned includes three-dimensional male characters that aren’t simply husbands or mean bosses or sexy paperboys. Why? Because it’s just good writing to do so. Great female friendship writers embed their books with an understanding that, while women are the story here, we all share the world together, and while there may not be a lot of dudes present, the female characters all try to see men as people with a point of view. A different one, yes, but a human one still. I don’t expect other men to charge out and start feasting on novels about menopause and sexism in the military. But they’d be missing something. Because any great book to me is about feeling more human, in good ways and bad, different yet somehow the same. Sign up to Unusual Suspects to receive news and recommendations for mystery/thriller readers. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Education Through The Attainment Of Literacy - 1650 Words

institution through the attainment of literacy. The attempt to educate African-American during the time of slavery gained support from various religious groups; however, Caucasian viewed literacy for African-American as a method for instilling subservience and maintaining social, political and economic control. In contrast, African-American viewed literacy as a component of emancipation and participation in societal institutions on an equal basis. Many African-American activists have thought for blacks by creating different institution such as churches and schools for young blacks to get an education. This period might thought as one in which the seeds of literacy were introduced but without hardship and opposition. Higher education was viewed as a privilege for blacks and it was subjected to a debate. As for instance, the convention of free African –American was created to establish a college at New Allen that would offer a classical curriculum for blacks. According to the a uthor, the proposal to establish that kind of college met with considerable opposition who did not believe African-American capable of higher education. As a result of this, the opposition succeeded in preventing the establishment of the college, although they did not object the establishment of institution to train African-American as laborers. Based on this historical events and data gathered, it will allow me to analyze the issue of literacy in depth and understand the phenomena which could let me toShow MoreRelatedEducation Is The Most Important Actuary1366 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION: Education is the most important actuary to mankind. It is education which transforms man from two legged animals into human being. Education is the process of developing the capacities and potentials of the individual so as to prepare that individual to be successful specific culture and society. Though Education is a lifelong process yet it is commonly considered in its narrow sense. Both common man and nation have some expectation from Education. They expect that education must developRead MoreImpact Of Environment And Poverty On Children s Educational Development1321 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelopment and attainment. This will be done by evaluating the effects that family, environment and poverty have on the way a child develops. This essay aims to focus on the degree these themes influence educational development. Whilst focusing on the impact during different stages of a child’s primary education, I will look at how these themes influence the child and why they are import ant. Poverty is a major issue that can vastly affect childhood development. (Horgan, 2007). Primary education is significantlyRead MoreHow Your Position On Society Affects Your Education1721 Words   |  7 Pagesin Society Affects Your Education The aspect of education in the American society emerges out as the most significant attribute of life, especially in the contemporary world. Parents, the government and the society have invested substantially in the education of the children because of the positive outcomes associated with education. For example, with education, an individual is assured of landing a better job and leading a decent life in future. Significantly, education is not only a personal achievementRead MoreThe Negative Impacts of Illiteracy1171 Words   |  5 Pagestake literacy for granted, but for those who are denied this basic skill, some of life’s most essential necessities become unattainable. The United Nations defines illiteracy as the inability to read and write a simple message in any language. 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Introduces the problem of poor health literacy. â€Å"Poor health literacy, which is especially prevalent among the elderly, results in poor adherence to prescription instructions, infrequent use of preventive medical services, increased hospitalizations and visits to the emergency room and room and worse control of chronic disease: (Brody, 2007). This magnifies the need for better health education to not just the elderly, but also everyone. 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How does it vary after 12 months by gender? 3) What affect do baseline Phonological Awareness Literacy Screening (PALS) scores have on baseline cumulative reading attitudes? 4) What affect does educational attainment of the mother have on baseline mentor reported reading skills? Measures The participants and parents of the E-SBM program were asked basic demographic questions such as gender. They were alsoRead MoreHigh School Improvement Action Plan1072 Words   |  5 Pages Needs Assessment Melbourne is a very small town in north central Arkansas. Melbourne is located on the edge of the Ozark Mountains. This area is sometimes referred to as the gateway to the Ozarks. Natural beauty can be found all through Melbourne and Izard County. The outdoors are a big component of Melbourne from lakes and camping to hunting and fishing. Many people move here because of the rural population and the outdoors. The Melbourne School system has been a largeRead MoreInstruction And Positive Character Education : Aurum Preparatory Academy Charter School982 Words   |  4 PagesThrough rigorous instruction and positive character education, Aurum Preparatory Academy Charter School educates all of its students, grades 6 – 8, to succeed in college and life and to serve as the next generation of moral leaders. All students deserve a quality education regardless of race, gender, socio-economic status, or zip code. At Aurum Preparatory Academy Charter School (â€Å"Aurum Prep†), each of our students will receive a quality education that will prepare them for success in college and

The Right Block Free Speech - 997 Words

only a form individual freedom but it is also a form of freedom from a religious doctrine. If these cartoonists were to not express themselves because they fear they are disrespecting other people’s religion, then they themselves are also giving concessions to the principles of that religion. Thus if one views infringement of liberty by the definitions set through the harm and offense principle, it is clear that the interest of a civil society is to protect freedom of speech not to block or regulate it. The state has a role to protect liberties of all individuals not to define what should and should not be tolerated. Just as it is not the job of the state to institute policy on religion, it is not the states’ responsibility to regulate what freedoms of speech individual may and may not express. A classic debate in the realm of free speech, and the states right block free speech is where the line is drawn between free speech and offense. In an absolutist perspective, there can be no block on free speech. In the point of view of an absolutist liberal there is no place and society for censorship; and society has no right to silence and opinion. When analyzing an absolutist point of view on free speech of view one must understand the rationale behind this viewpoint. In the case of free speech an absolutist liberal believes that a person’s right to free speech should not be compromised as long as they are not causing physical harm or harm to another’s property. To look at anShow MoreRelatedStudies in Contemporary Literature: Free Speech1622 Words   |  7 Pages Censorship is the suppression of speech or other public communication which may be considered objectable, harmful, sensitive, politically incorrect or inconvenient as determined as determined by the govern ment, media outlet, or other controlling bodies (Wikipedia, 1). 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Another problem that also arises from the use of internet filters and blocks is that it is a direct violation of the freedom of speech granted by the constitution. Because of the many burdens and problems internet censorship brings, it is of great importance that we keep our American internet just like our country, free. Internet censorship is nothing original for many people around the world

Statement of Academic/ Career Goals Free Essays

Being fond of pharmacy and with a desire to be a pharmacist, I m currently an undergraduate student in College of Arts and Science with my majors in Chemistry. I’ve always dreamt of becoming a pharmacist while studying in USA for which I am eager to work hard and whole heartedly. I was also in Letters Dean’s list in 2007-fall semester and joined the Chemistry school department symposium in 2008. We will write a custom essay sample on Statement of Academic/ Career Goals or any similar topic only for you Order Now I am also a social servant and have been a lifelong volunteer in Taiwanese Social Organization that took take care of impoverished patients in persistent vegetative state (PVS) suffers in nursing home environment. By serving there I gained experience in cost reduction and acquired leadership and managerial skills. I always wanted to achieve something high in academics due to which I have high spirits and faith in me. The reason for selecting United States among the numerous choices was the excellent learning environment found there which is the only way to fulfill my academic aspirations and for which I am ready to strive as much as possible. The way of teaching and inspiration that comes from United States attracts me the most which unfortunately, I wasn’t able to find in my country Taiwan. The learning environment at United States positively reinforces and encourages the students to think, express and be creative whereas in other countries punishments are used to push students along with cramming studies. In the United States, I believe that EMU is the platform where I can pursue my highly spirited goals and where my skills can be enhanced and polished because of the learned science faculty available there. I’ve been enrolled at this grand institute for more than a year and through my hard work have been able to complete 50 credit hours up till now. Even though I was faced with a lot of problems and financial constraints, I never compromised on my result and attained an overall GPA of 3. 07 and maintained an excellent GPA of 3. 4 in my major. This institute opened me to a new world of science where I saw my dreams coming to be true. This period holds strategic importance in further nurturing my interest and convincing me with the passing time that EMU is the right place for me for providing quality learning. EMU not only played a role in increasing my knowledge and skills but also made me learn other important things. The first thing that I learnt at the place was the significance of honesty. The institute explained me new definitions of cheating and plagiarism which had been never taught before and I eventually realized their importance in building my personality once I began to study at EMU. It made me more creative, self dependent and work harder since I learnt to complete assignments and reports with the help of my own ideas and information acquired through hard work from different sources. This also helped in nurturing my grammar and composition skills which were tremendously improved. Moreover, my interpersonal skills improved drastically in the university’s environment which was previously hidden in the Chinese culture I came from. My introvert nature disappeared and I was able to interact freely with my professors and classmates while frequently raising questions which was not so in my old country school. EMU has taught me to be individualistic and self-reliant while at the same time made me affluent and interactive. By studying at EMU, I’ve been able to acquire a professional knowledge through the courses and lectures taught by my learned professors. I had to take a lot of science courses since I was in the pre-pharmacy program. This was the point where my interest in Chemistry developed and eventually I became fond of it. Previously, I had an impression that Chemistry is a tough subject but the professors and learning environment at EMU made everything easy for me and my interest in Chemistry was further nurtured. In the initial semesters I learned about the basic principles and laws of Chemistry while in the last semester this knowledge became more profound and in-depth. All this knowledge and courses are adding up to my skills which will make me appropriate to pursue a career in pharmacy. Moreover, at EMU I’ve learnt to collaborate and work as a team. This skill was acquired by working in labs where I gained not only practical skills but also attained the spirit of a team. I am now experienced at handling chemical apparatus and equipments for the purpose of using them in experiments. This demanded considerable hard work because of the language barriers due to which I had to preview lab manuals and practice a lot before coming to the lab. But since I am not afraid of hard work I did everything that it took to acquire complete knowledge. Breaking the language barriers was one of the greatest achievements for me and that built in me self confidence and strength to face challenges. This actually allowed me to help my classmates with their problems related to labs, equations and graphs. The language obstacles instead of serving as a hindrance actually motivated me to strengthen my English skills and communication power due to which I started being careful on every detail. Besides Chemistry, I also focused on Biology and Physics which advanced my researching and citation, and measurements and calculations respectively. I also felt the warmness of American culture at EMU since my classmates understood that I came from a different cultural background and helped me in every way in understanding the language and accommodating into an American culture. Studying at EMU has changed my life, and I truly think that EMU is the right place for me to accomplish my dream of being a pharmacist. The promising environment and the learned faculty encouraged me to take a further step towards my goal. Delving more into my career aspirations I assimilated more and more knowledge which made me more eager to learn. For all these reasons I have made my decision to complete my bachelor degree of Chemistry at EMU and then apply for pharmacy schools. I have high aspirations to pursue what I yearn for and want to live up to my dreams in order to be proud and self-satisfied. I am also aware of the fact that behind every dream there are hardships and I am ready to strive and work hard for achieving what I plan to. My philosophy in life is the belief in hard work because this can earn me what I strive for and I look forward to develop my specific skills and competences for achieving my long-term goals. For this my bachelor degree from EMU is very important for my future. I have financial troubles but your scholarship can serve as a blessing to me and help in fulfilling my long awaited dreams. Statement of Need I am a Taiwanese student working hard to achieve a career in my field of interest. Like all other students, I am also striving to attain the skills and knowledge for expanding my horizons of intellectual abilities. In order to accomplish this, I have decided to shift to US since it is a land of excellent education which can quench my thirst for knowledge. Though adjusting in American culture is difficult but I have tried my level best to handle all the obstacles and have been able to adjust quite well. I want to pursue career in pharmacy so that I can help people in their pain and sufferings which has always touched me. I come from a single family since my dad passed away when I was 13 and my mom was the only person who had to work to earn a living for the whole family. She is now a 70 year old retiree and the whole family has to live on her pension plans. To date, I have completed my education from my previous savings and help from my family. Since I have a younger brother and an elder sister, I cannot use much of the savings of my family and therefore, I am left with a meager amount which is not enough to complete my under graduation. My family income is my mother’s pension plan and her whole life savings which have almost exhausted. She has mortgaged her only house to a bank so that I continue studying in US in order to seek the dream of becoming a pharmacist. I am in a strong need for scholarship which is the only way through which I can make my future. Since I am categorized as an international student I have to pay a higher sum of money than the US residents which further worsens the problem. Moreover, the US government does not permits international students to work and regards it as illegal therefore; I don’t have any source of income at present. My annual tuition fee is around $32000 apart from living, renting, transportation, books, eating etc. Since I am living without my family members therefore, I have no family support and have to manage all the expenses myself. The total expense of tuition and living becomes enormous and cannot be managed with the loaned amount and my mother’s pension plans. This is why I am in a dire need of your scholarship so that I can continue my education and get the degree I promised my mother and myself. All these factors are a hindrance towards my academic progress therefore, I m writing this with great hope and faith in your scholarship program which can help in removing my worries and troubles. I need this scholarship desperately because I have exhausted my savings and family income on previous tuitions in US. My request for financial help is well intentioned and your scholarship can provide me with a relief after which I can devote my maximum attention to my dreams and aspirations of becoming a successful pharmacist. How to cite Statement of Academic/ Career Goals, Papers

Space Perception free essay sample

Space perception through English and Vietnamese proverbs and idioms’ Student: Nguyen Huy Dat (ETE29) Supervisor: Nguyen Thanh Huong Ph. D 1) Rationale Cognitive linguistics is still a very young branch in comparison to other sciences of language. However, last but not least, this new way of discovering words possibly will become very important in term of examining language phenomenon. Study about space perception is just a small piece of the big ‘cognitive linguistics’ cake, but, in Vietnam it is still new and rare. Thus, it is necessary for Vietnamese scholars to catch up with the new modern trend of linguistics among the world by starting to look at the different aspects of cognitive linguistics. ‘Space perception’ (spatial perception) can very much express the ways different people describe, think and understand their surrounding through their languages. Belonging to different cultures, Western and Eastern, British and Vietnamese must have different ways to express the same concepts or positions in their lives. We will write a custom essay sample on Space Perception or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These differences may be a main source of troubles of Vietnamese students in learning English in general, and in translating in particular. Above are reasons why ‘Space perception’ was chosen as the theme of this research paper. 2) Aims of the study ? Studying about space perception in general and in proverbs and idioms in particular. ? Analyzing English and Vietnamese space proverbs and idioms ? Finding out the differences and similarities between linguistic devices used for expressing space in English and Vietnamese proverbs and idioms ? Suggesting solutions in avoiding troubles in editing and translating English and Vietnamese space proverbs and idioms 3) Limitation of the study In this study, only the English and Vietnamese idioms and proverbs containing words or phrases indicating space or location are focused on. 4) Method of the study The main methods are analytic, contrastive analysis, comparison along with other methods 5) Design of the study Part 1: ITRODUCTION Part 2: INVESTIGATION Chapter 1: Theoretical preliminaries 1. Space perception 1. Cognitive linguistics science 1. Cognitive linguistics in the world 2. Cognitive linguistics in Vietnam 2. Cognitive linguistics in relating to study about space.

Catcher in the Rye Symbols Essay Example

Catcher in the Rye Symbols Paper Pencey Prep: Pencey Prep is a boarding school for boys located in Agerstown, Pennsylvania that Holden was attending at the beginning of the novel. It is the fourth school Holden has attended and is later the fourth school he is kicked out of because of his poor marks. Pencey Prep is where the reader is able to get their first glance of Holdens lonesome character, strong opinion of phonies and the fact that he does not apply himself as he fails four out of five classes. At Pencey Prep, the theme of â€Å"alienation as a form of self protection† arises as it becomes clear that Holden can not maintain a close relationship with anybody. Holdens alienation and distance towards others is made clear after he agrees to write an English composition for his roommate, Stradlater. The composition is about a baseball glove that used to belong to his younger brother, Allie who died from leukemia when Holden was only thirteen. After the death Holden never wanted to get close to another person so that he would never have to feel the pain of loosing someone he loved and cared about once again. We will write a custom essay sample on Catcher in the Rye Symbols specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Catcher in the Rye Symbols specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Catcher in the Rye Symbols specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Lastly, at Pencey Prep, we are introduced to another important character, Jane Gallagher; an old friend of Holden that is going on a date with his â€Å"secret slob [and] Year Book handsome† (27) roommate, Stradlater. Before leaving Pencey Prep Holden is too afraid to go say hi to Jane in the lobby, in case she was not the innocent, perfect girl he grew to love in the past. Allie and his Glove: Allie Caulfield is Holdens younger brother who died of leukemia while their family was in Maine on July 18, 1946. Holden was only thirteen at the time of the death and has idealized Allie ever since, describing him as the the most intellectual, admirable and humorous person you could have ever met. From Allies death, the reader is able to witness first hand Holdens â€Å"madman† characteristics. The night after the death Holden spent the night in their garage where he decided to smash all the windows, breaking his hand and earning him a night in the hospital. Claiming that he did it â€Å"just for the hell of it,† (39) although it is easy to see that he did it in a pit of rage over Allies death. Holden was extremely close with Allie as he represented perfectly the pure, uncorrupted innocence of a child that Holden longed for himself. To Holden, it is unfathomable why such an innocent child such as Allie had to suffer and die and that is most likely the root of Holdens problems and negativity towards phonies, growing up and losing innocence. Holdens behavior and social skills underwent a detrimental change following the death as he was no longer capable of maintaining a close relationship with anybody in fear of suffering through another loss. Allie represents the purity that Holden looks for in the world. Ducks in the Central Park Lagoon: Throughout the novel Holden continuously contemplates where the ducks from the Central Park lagoon go in the winter. They are a reoccurring thought for Holden and a major ambiguous symbol to the novel. Holden initially thinks about the ducks, wondering where they go when the lagoon freezes over in the winter while talking to Mr. Spencer after being kicked out of Pencey. At this moment the ducks become an immediate symbol of Holdens anxiety and uncertainty regarding his next move after being kicked from Pencey. Much like the ducks who are repeatedly kicked from their home at the lagoon, Holden was kicked from Pencey Prep and had no plan and no where to go. Not having a clear answer to his question, Holden continues to wonder what happens to the ducks in the winter time. Holden later asks cab driver what he thought happened to the ducks, but the cab driver disregards the question and explains that the fish have it harder as they freeze in the ice and â€Å"get frozen right in one position for the whole winter,† (82) and as for food, their nature is to soak up nutrients from seaweed in their pores, therefore nature takes care of them during the winter. In this case the ducks are symbolic as they represent Holden as he is being forced to move; however, Holden would much rather be like the fish who get to stay where they are and have everything provided for them like children. This mirrors the common theme of the novel and Holdens attitude towards growing up and wanting to stay an innocent child. Finally, Holden thinks about the ducks for the last time when he is drunk and decides to go look for the ducks at the lagoon. At this point, Holden is in his worst state; he is depressed, anxious and even contemplating suicide. Seeing that they are truly not at the lagoon Holden realizes that he must migrate away from his childhood and fly into adulthood. Over all Holden wants to know where the ducks go because he wants to know where to go when times are tough and things do not belong. Phoebe: Phoebe Caulfield is Holdens â€Å"roller-skate skinny† (67), red headed little sister. To Holden, Phoebe is more like a saint then a sister; describing her as the most beautiful, angelic, intelligent, mature and affectionate little girl you could ever meet. Holden also explains that she is very funny and has a good sense of humor, is a great dancer, listens and always knows what you are talking about. Despite the fact that Holden admits to being â€Å"THE MOST terrific liar you ever saw in your life,† (16) there is no doubt that he is telling the truth about Phoebe as she is everything Holden said she would be. Phoebe is one of the few characters to truly understands Holden for who he is and the struggles he faces on a daily basis. She unconditionally loves Holden and would do anything to help Holden such as giving him her Christmas money. In the end Phoebe is exactly the kind of person Holden has been â€Å"people hunting† for. He wanted to find someone to love and to love him back and was blindsided by the inevitability of growing up to see that what he was hunting for was right under his nose the whole time. http://www. sparknotes. com/lit/catcher/characters. html http://www. shmoop. com/catcher-in-the-rye/symbolism-imagery. html

Beck Manufacturing and Plant Capacity

Beck Manufacturing and Plant Capacity Capacity planning is an important component in the operations of all contemporary organizations. It enables them to cater for the needs of the customer by avoiding shortages. The measure of capacity required to meet the future demands of a certain company has to be calculated using the resources at the disposal of the institution.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Beck Manufacturing and Plant Capacity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is important to note that the estimates do not reflect the exact figures required. However, they help the management to avert any acute shortages that may occur in the future (Vonderembse White, 2013). Ratios are used in capacity planning. For example, operating ratios are used by many managers to estimate the capacity required after a specific duration of time. In this paper, a case study of Beck Manufacturing is analyzed. In the paper, the author computes the capacity of ind ividual equipment centers. In addition, the capacity of the system is determined. In addition, an analysis is provided with regards to where the focus of the company should lie if Beck wants to increase the capacity of the firm. The additional capacity that can be achieved without bottlenecks is also highlighted. Finally, the author recommends strategies through which capacity can be increased without necessarily having to acquire additional equipment. Determining the Capacity Machines and Systems Beck Company has many machines working on different operations. Each of them has a specific role to carry out in the functioning of the entire organization (Koc Ceylan, 2007). To determine output and relate it to demand in the market, it is important to calculate the capacity of these machines. It is important to note that calculating the capacity of each machine has to take into consideration the four operations of the organization (Vonderembse White, 2013).Advertising Looking f or research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Capacity of the Machine Centers Number of hours = two- 8 hours shift= 64 hours Run time per minute= 2 Number of machines =5 Reject rate= 3% Capacity of each milling machine= (2*60 hour/day) * (64+0-0 hours/day) * (1-0.02) = 7526.4/5 number of machines =1505.28. The capacity for each milling machine is 1505.28/ hour The capacity for grinding machines Number of hours = 64 hours Run time per minute = 3Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Beck Manufacturing and Plant Capacity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Number of machines= 7 Reject rate = 5% Capacity of each grinding machine (3*60 hour/day) * (64+0-0 hours/days) * (1-0.05) = 10944/ 7 number of machines = 1563.43/ hour Capacity of boring machines Number of hours = 64 Run time per minute = 1 Number of machines = 3 Reject rate = 2 p ercentAdvertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Capacity of each boring machine = (1*60 hours/day) * (64+0-0 hours/day) * (1-0.02) = 3763.2/3 number of machines = 1254.4 /hour Capacity of drilling machines Number of hours = 64 hours Run time per minute = 2.5 Number of machines = 6 Reject rate = 7 percent Capacity of each drilling machine = (2.5*60 hours/day) * (64+0-0 hours/day) * (1-0.07) = 9896.91/ 6 number of machines = 1649.48 /hour Capacity of the System The system’s capacity is a function of the operations presented. Beck manufacturing plant has a total of four operations. The system capacity will be based on these functions. System capacity = 1505.28+ 1563.43+ 1254.4+ 1649.48 = 5972.59/4 number of operations = 1493.1475 System capacity = 1493. 1475/ hour Recommended Focus of the Company in order to Expand Capacity Expanding the capacity of the manufacturing company can be achieved through various strategies. One of them entails increasing the number of machines. It is noted that the operations that are determined or constrained by machines cannot impact on the capacity of the plant if the number of people is increased. New machines are more efficient than old equipment (Koc Ceylan, 2007). Beck, the manager of the company, can double the capacity of the current production if he chooses to increase the number of machines. The two-fold increase in capacity can be achieved if the manager doubles the current number of machines. For example, if he chooses to have five new milling machines, he will increase the number to 10. The current productivity will be doubled in the process. Consequently, the capacity of the company will rise. Increasing Capacity While Avoiding Bottlenecks Enhancing the capacity of operations is associated with a number of challenges. They include increased operational costs and the need to retrain employees (Somers Nelson, 2003). As already indicated above, Beck can double the capacity of the company. However, he should avoid causing a bottleneck in one operation in the proc ess of increasing capacity. The manager can achieve this by ensuring that the increase in the number of machines is done uniformly in all operations. Expanding the Capacity without Purchasing New Equipment The proposed method of expanding the capacity of the company requires the company to purchase new equipment. The acquisition process increases costs of production for the company (Stevenson Sum, 2010). However, it is possible to increase the capacity without necessarily having to buy new machines. Beck can achieve this by repairing the old machines to increase their efficiency. The reject time in the old equipment may be brought about by wear and tear (Somers Nelson, 2003). Repairing them will help in increasing efficiency. Consequently, the capacity of the manufacturing company will be expanded without the need to purchase new machines. References Koc, T., Ceylan, C. (2007). Factors impacting innovative capacity in large-scale companies. Technovation, 27(3), 105-114. Somers, T ., Nelson, K. (2003). The impact of strategy and integration mechanisms on enterprise system value: Empirical evidence from manufacturing firms. European Journal of Operational Research, 146(2), 315-338. Stevenson, W., Sum, C. (2010). Operations management: An Asian perspective. Singapore: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Vonderembse, M., White, G. (2013). Operations management: Concepts, methods, and strategies. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

Sports Governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sports Governance - Essay Example athletes (USOC, 2015b). For instance, the USOC purposely created its â€Å"Sports Medicine Division† in order to support the physiological needs of the athletes in case of any serious physical injury (i.e. chiropractors and physical therapists) (USOC, 2015c). To support the learning and training needs of the athletes, the USOC purposely created its â€Å"Coaching Education Department† (USOC, 2015d). Today, USOC managed to establish a total of 17 training sites throughout 15 states in the United States on top of its 3 major training centers located in Chula Vista in California, Colorado Springs in Colorado, and Lake Placid in New York (USOC, 2015e; USOC, 2015g). To ensure that the efforts of USOC would pay off, this particular organization has decided to shift its focus from rewarding the active participation of athletes to those who can win medal (Smolianov, Zakus, & Gallo, 2014, p. 37). People at USOC are strongly encouraged to behave with integrity and practice creative thinking as they seek to inspire all athletes to give out their best performance in international sports games and competition (USOC, 2015f). Organizational structure clearly shows how certain tasks or activities are allocated, coordinated, and supervised within a given organization (Pugh, 1990). Often times, the process of examining the organizational structure of USOC is considered important since it can provide us a better understanding about the organizational leadership and behavior (Chance, 2009, p. 11). As of 2015, below is the official organizational structure of USOC: In terms of hierarchy, organizational structure can be classified as either â€Å"tall† or â€Å"flat† (Gupta, Gollakota, & Srinivasan, 2007, p. 250). Based on the chart presented on page 3, the organizational structure of USOC seems to be â€Å"flat†. It means that only the leader of the 14 major departments report directly to the CEO. Basically,

How did a major religious, intellectual, or political transformation Essay - 1

How did a major religious, intellectual, or political transformation affect feminist ideas and demands Answer with an that focuses on one such transition - Essay Example ance from 600 BCE to Present to illustrate the historical underpinnings of feminist thought, with a special focus on the underlying political transformation. Marlene LeGates states that the events and circumstances surrounding the French Revolution of eighteenth century provided crucial political transformations which were later manifest fully during the feminist movement. The French tradition of ‘querelle des femmes’ served as an open forum for both men and women to freely express their political opinions. At these gatherings, members of both sexes were known to express their discontent with the then prevailing religious, political and intellectual culture. This forum allowed women to question the â€Å"authoritarian, hierarchical and patriarchal† social order that most considered the natural and only social arrangement possible. It also has to be remembered that the preceding century was also the time when two crucial breakthroughs were achieved in the intellectual realm. These were the discoveries made by Galileo Galilei about the cosmos surrounding earth and the physical laws of nature purported by Isaac Newton. T he significance of a forum such as ‘querelle des femmes’ should be seen in light of the way these parallel scientific developments were treated by the religious and political Establishment of the day. The fact that women freely argued and expressed their opinion with men at a time when Galileo was being persecuted by the Church for expressing scientific truths, says something about the advanced status of women in the period immediately preceding the French Revolution (LeGates, p.121). It is then apt to infer that the political transformation that is effected by the French Revolution of the late Eighteenth century is induced by and later absorbed into notions of gender equality during the feminist movement. In the preceding century, equally important political developments took place across the English Channel, namely the establishment

Overview of Leadership Styles

Overview of Leadership Styles Leadership Styles Democratic Leadership: In this approach the leader asks the group to become part of the decision making. The leader still has full control of the group and still has the final decision but decisions and input from the team is encouraged. This allows the leader to draw upon how good they are and their experience of a team in order to get the best results for everyone. This also helps them develop skills within the team.. This style of leadership isnt used very much within the public services, this is because the democratic leadership style takes time to discuss everything and public services may not always have the time to do this. Bureaucratic Leadership: The bureaucratic style of leadership is a style of leadership that focuses on rules and procedures to manage teams and projects. It is a style that is spread-out among some departments or people and there is a strict set of rules. This is a classic style of leadership and is used quite a lot in organizations that dont encourage invention of new things and change by leaders who may be insecure and uncertain in what their role may be. People that want to use this style of leadership are often familiar with the many policies and guidelines. This approach to leadership is commonly used in statutory and non-statutory services. Situations where the bureaucratic leadership style may be useful for example where in a job is something commonly done and doesnt change over a long period of time or either that a job needs/demands a definite set of safety rules or working guidelines in order to obey the law. Transactional: When group perform well, they receive a reward. When they perform poorly, they will be punished in some way. The transactional style of leadership is pretty straight forward but it uses rewards and punishments to motivate the team. This style of leadership is very similar to the autocratic style but it is not as extreme. Leaders of both the transactional and autocratic are very similar, they are direct and dominant and spend a great amount of time telling others what is expected from the team as a whole. There are many advantages and disadvantages of this style of leadership, for example some of the advantages are: the leaders monitors the work and each and every one individual performance, rewards, there is also a clear chain of command, not only these there are many other advantages. Unfortunately there are some disadvantages in this style of leadership: team members may not get job satisfaction but of the reward/punishment routine, it assumes that people are only motivated because of money and not because of the reason why they actually want to do it. Laissez-faire Leadership: The Laissez-faire approach of leadership can also be called the hands off, free reign and the delegate approach. This style differs from the other styles. The leader exercises very little and lets the members of the group to establish their own roles and responsibilities. The members of the group are given a very little direction but a lot of freedom and power. The power that they are given should be used to create goals, make decisions and resolve problems that should affect them. If all the members are highly motivated that the laissez-faire approach is the most effective leadership, experienced and well trained. It is very important that the leader can have full trust in the members of the team. An example of this style of leadership in the public services is if there was a murder investigation and someone gets sent to the scene of the crime, they know what they are there to do and they can then be left there to do it without any supervision needed. People Orientated Leadership: People Orientated is slightly similar but a bit different to the task-orientated leadership. Within this style of leadership, this style focuses on participation of all the team members, clear communication, supporting and developing the individual in order to improve their skills. The members of the team are very competent in their role and inspire other people by unlocking their own potential. They allocate others roles based on others strengths and individual skills. This style of leadership is participative and encourages good teamwork, loyalty and creativity. The key to this style of leadership is very good people power. People can be very successful if they use all the following: knowledge, skills, abilities, life experience and talents of all the individuals and of the group. Task Orientated Leadership: In this style of leadership its all about getting the job done. Its all about the key of the task rather than about everyone else in the team. Their main focus is just to get the task done weather it instructed or destructed. They will define the work and the roles that they are given and put structures of the task into place, plan and also organise the whole of the task. This style can have many difficulties such as difficulties of the lack of motivating and the retaining the team as a whole. Task orientated style of leadership is slightly different to people orientated, as an example, a police inspector organising crowd control at a football match may use a task-centred approach, but back at the police station when dealing with junior police officers, she might employ a people-centred approach. Transformational Leadership: The transformational style of leadership focuses on the teams performance as a whole; it encourages everyone to think of the group as a whole and rather not just themselves. It is all about moving forward as a team and not just several individuals in one group. Transformational leaders aim to make their team members better people by encouraging their self-awareness. They want team individuals to overcome self interest and focus on the goals and purposes that are shared as a team. Transformational leaders spend a lot of time communicating with the team to gain support through their enthusiasm. The transformational leadership style can have many advantages and disadvantages. To start of with there are a couple of advantages, for example, they have beliefs in others and themselves, they spend time coaching and supporting their team, people will follow their leader because of their energy, passion, commitment and enthusiasm for the team and finally, they care about their team a lot and work hard to motivate them, if they do this then this reduces stress levels and increases the well-being of the team. Not only are their advantages to this style of leadership, there are also disadvantages, in fact, there are more disadvantages then advantages to this style of leadership. Some of these disadvantages include, Leaders can only see the big picture but not all the details, leaders always believe that their vision is right when sometimes it isnt, large amounts of a lot of enthusiasm can tire the team out and last but not least, if the team is not convinced with everyone else they ma y not share the same vision as what everyone else has. Authoritarian Leadership: Authoritarian/Autocratic leadership is where someone tells you what they want done and how they want it accomplished without be able to get any advice from other people. It is good to use this style of leadership when you are either all well motivated, you know all the information to complete the task or you are short on time. This style of leadership is only used on rare occasions. If you have the time and want to gain more commitment and motivation then you should use a different style of leadership. This style of leadership is used in some public services in the UK. The main of example of the use of this style of leadership is used in the army. For example, if you were fighting in the war and you were told to get down then you would have to get down, otherwise you may get shot. This style is used in most regiments of the army. Not only the army, this leadership is used in many other public services this is because most of the time you are told what to do and where to go.

Essay --

For years on end, the U.S government has been in a large amount of debt. By understanding what our budget deficit looks like, you will be amazed to see how much money we spend each year. The government budget is a legal document that forecasts the government expenditures and revenues for a specific period of time (3). A budget period is usually one fiscal year and our data shows that we have been in a deficit for far too long which means that our government is spending a lot more money than we actually have. According to usgovernmentspending.com, the U.S spent 6.1 trillion dollars during this year of 2013 (1). With 20% to health care, 18% to pensions, 15% to education, 13% to defense, 9% to welfare, and the other 25% on everything else goes to show how much money we need to spend in order to keep this country running strong (1). Many people have their own views and opinions on what we should do in order to get out of the hole that we have created over the years. A reliable source by the name of Nancy Pelosi who is a House Speaker stated, "The best way to reduce the deficit is to grow our economy; the best way to grow our economy is to act on the priorities in the president's budget. President Obama's budget will transform our economy and create jobs by cutting taxes for 95 percent of Americans, making healthcare more affordable and accessible, creating a new, clean energy economy, and modernizing our schools to prepare our workforce for global competition (2).† I personally agree with most of these ideas stated above because growing the economy and fixing the problems we have now will lower the deficit in the long run. Starting off by making healthcare more accessible to everyone will allow Americans to feel more stable and secure... ...eed to enforce a tax on greenhouse gases. As we all know, these harmful gases are being fueled into the air every second of everyday. This would bring in money for government funding and make people realize that the government isn’t free. We also need to create other sources of energy production. This would lower prices for gas, make machinery operations less expensive, protect the environment and lower expenses on imports of fuel from other countries. With more energy reserves being established in the U.S. will also bring in a lot more jobs. Another option is to decrease foreign aid and military spending by a certain percentage. This would save our country billions of dollars. As you can see, there are many different routes we can take to decrease the budget deficit. We must all work together and figure out a way to diminish any extra spending that is not needed.

Blackwell, Miniard, and Engel Decision-Making Model Essay

My family recently purchased a Toyota Prius.   This is a magnificent car which has a positive effect on the environment.   The Toyota Prius runs on both petrol and electricity thus saving both money and the rapidly decreasing ozone layer.   My family has always been environmental conscious and this was an important decision considering the current state of the environment and global warming.   Not only was there much research put into this purchase but there are also incentives in places such as Westminster City where Eco-cars receive FREE parking permits (â€Å"Free Parking†).   Blackwell, Miniard, and Engel have been working together for many years to determine the consumer decision making process.    Together they have created many models and completed much research to support their theories of consumer behavior.   Using the Blackwell, Miniard and Engel decision-making model I will show how my family came to the decision of the purchase.   There are many steps that one goes through before making an important decision such as a purchase of a new car. Reviewing these steps in sequence and having an inside look of the though that went into each step will help establish the process of consumer behavior. Beginning with stimuli, we will review the exposure, attention, comprehension, and retention stage that occurred to cause the thought of this purchase to hold steadfast in the memory, then moving on to need recognition, environmental influences, individual differences influencing the purchase decision, we will see what cause the purchase to became complete, and what happens thereafter with satisfaction/dissatisfaction and divestment stages of the consumer process. Stimuli: Product Exposure What better stimuli for a new product are available to the consumer than media exposure?   There has been a lot media exposure to global warming and the effects green house gases on having on the ozone layer.   There have also been many celebrities choosing to go green and help save the world.   Stars Penelope Cruz and Leonardo DiCaprio hosted a Pre-Oscar green party to show their support of electric cars.   They, along with several other celebrities, opted to drive themselves to the Oscars in their new electric cars. The point was clear; everyone needs to take steps to prevent global warming (and you should hurry up and jump on the band wagon celebrities are giving up limo rides!).   The Pre-Oscar green party is was a genius idea as the Oscars are huge and people from all over the world partake in the nights events.   The   marketing behind such an event draws attention to the eco friendly cause and covers all of the beginning stages of the Blackwell, Miniard, and Engel decision making model; exposure, attention, comprehension, acceptance, and retention. Of course these five characteristics contribute to memory and that is where the consumer behavior process begins.   My parents had already decided that it was time to purchase a new car. Need recognition was already determined.   But at this point they were just beginning to take a look around.   The genius of the marketing ploy/awareness campaign for Eco-friendly cars stayed with my parents as they began to make some decisions about their new car purchase and once again reinforced to memory the importance of eco-friendly vehicles. Social Influences Eco-friendly cars are a hot topic and many friends of my parent’s had also started to think about or start purchasing green cars over the last year.   Now with the price of petrol constantly on the rise how could you not consider it?   The influences of friends have always helped my family move along and make a final decision.   In this case all of my parents’ friends were considering taking a step towards a cleaner environment or at least taking a step to stay trendy and up to date with the current issues concerning the world.   Of course this is a tough cause to turn your back on as many people are adamant and taking firm stand to lower the rate fossil fuel is burned. Research With this heavy exposure to both the cause and the solution my family chose to reevaluate the current car situation and see if it was time for an upgrade which would be the need recognition stage of the model.   After a quick internet search on the status of the ozone and the effect of fossil fuels on the greenhouse gases my father discovered; the effects of global warming are being felt worldwide.   â€Å"Global warming and the melting of polar ice cover is predicted to raise ocean levels worldwide, directly impacting on island nations who plead most strongly for restraint of fossil fuel consumption by industrialized nations† (Mayer). Some alternative fuel methods have been tried and found to be very successful.   â€Å"Another strategy for reducing fossil fuel emissions from vehicles is to shift to alternate fueled vehicles. Various choices include electric, natural gas, methane, and fuel cell vehicles† (Mayer). He decided it was time to step in and help the cause.   During the pre purchase evaluation my father decided it was time to upgrade the vehicle and began an internet search to find out everything he could about the Toyota Prius, and other green cars including the Volkswagen Touran, the Peugeot 407, and the Honda Accord.   He learned everything possible about each car including the gas mileage, cost, efficiency.   He read consumer reports, company reports, and online reviews and eventually evaluated the positives and negatives of each car. Personality, Values, Lifestyle Choices permit Consumer Buying My parent’s liberal nature permitted personality, values, and lifestyle choices to properly fall into place with the purchase. For years my organic food was the only thing available in my house and my parents have supported many environmental causes.   After the Oscars my father’s motivation to purchase a green car increase ten hold and he begun his thorough investigation.  Ã‚  Ã‚   The individual differences of the cars and manufactures had much to do with my family’s purchase of the Prius. The internet provided all the consumer resources my parent’s needed to come to a narrowed the decision down to either the Toyota Prius or the Volkswagen Touran. The next step was for my parents to go and see both cars.   They met with salespeople; test drove each car, learned how much fuel each car consumed per kilometer, and investigated the electric components of the car.   Although comparable in design, boot space, and kilometers to the liter, my parents both choose the Prius and after much research were happy to take it home. Consumer Satisfaction My parents are very happy with this vehicle at home.   Consumer consumption is a concept that can be defined as â€Å"a mean’s of producing one’s self and self-image† (Arnould & Price, 2000, p. 141).   The image my parent’s are trying to produce is one of a trendy and environmentally aware people.   The Toyota Prius definitely portrays this image.   In terms of satisfaction this may be the best purchase my parents have every made.   They are more than happy to show it off and tell all of the perks and special features to anyone who cares to listen.   In retrospect if Toyota ever needs spokes person for the Prius they should definitely consider my parents. Divestment   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At this time divestment is not a concept that is considered with this purchase.   The social value alone has causes an investment in the environment which is never a lost cause.   Friends and neighbors are impressed and this is important to my parents. Conclusion My parents played out each step of the decision making process in almost the exact layout of the model provided by Blackwell, Miniard, and Engel. Beginning with stimuli, we will review the exposure, attention, comprehension, and retention stage that occurred to cause the thought of this purchase to hold steadfast in the memory, then moving on to need recognition, environmental influences, individual differences influencing the purchase decision, we will see what cause the purchase to became complete, and what happens thereafter with satisfaction/dissatisfaction and divestment stages of the consumer process.   Overall this has been an interesting investigation into the thought process behind such a purchase for our family.   Consumers as a whole have a difficult time choosing environmental friendly products â€Å"Until (recently), industrialization had enjoyed an extraordinary and almost continuous success–except for occasional wars. Technological development and its products were widely accepted. Standards of living, prosperity, and welfare were and are closely tied to the successes of industrial society. Energy, particularly in the form of fossil fuels, has been and continues to be essential to an advanced, industrial society. The enterprises and authorities involved in energy production and supply–and the decision making and planning relating to them–enjoyed respect and support. They had well established legitimacy. An ample supply of energy was seen as crucial for industrial development and for providing important ingredients to everyday comforts and welfare. Since the â€Å"golden age of energy† came to an end (around 1970), there have occurred significant changes in our consciousness, in our policies, and to some extent in our practices. In part, this is reflected in the results of energy research. In response to the energy problem, policymakers and planners have tried–and continue to try–a variety of strategies: Attempts to reduce energy consumption, save energy, and increase energy efficiency† (Monnier et al., 1986, p. 54). These are issues that need to be clear in every consumers thought process.   I applaud the thoughtful efforts of celebrities, manufacturers, countries, and individual states that support the cause and try to encourage consumers to be conscious about their buying decisions.   It is important to consider the consequences of all of our actions and this includes our action when we purchase a new product. References Arnould, E. J., & Price, L. L. (2000). 8 Authenticating Acts and Authoritative Performances. In The Why of Consumption: Contemporary Perspectives on Consumer Motives, Goals and Desires, Ratneshwar, S., Mick, D. G., & Huffman, C. (Eds.) (pp. 140-163). London: Routledge. Donnelley, Astrakhan. â€Å"Natural Responsibilities: Philosophy, Biology, and Ethics in Ernst Mayr and Hans Jonas.† The Hastings Center Report 32.4 (2002): 36+. Questia. 21 Mar. 2007 . Johansen, Bruce E. The Global Warming Desk Reference. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2002. Questia. 21 Mar. 2007 . Lackner, Klaus S., and Jeffrey D. Sachs. â€Å"A Robust Strategy for Sustainable Energy.† Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (2005): 215+. Questia. 21 Mar. 2007 . Lee, J., & Geistfeld, L. V. (1998). Enhancing Consumer Choice: Are We Making Appropriate Recommendations?. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 32(2), 227+. Retrieved March 21, 2007, from Questia database: http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5001394368 Mayer, Donald O. â€Å"Corporate Governance in the Cause of Peace: An Environmental Perspective.† Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 35.2 (2002): 585+. Questia. 21 Mar. 2007 . â€Å"Free Parking Permits for Eco-Cars.† BBC News 15 Mar. 2007. 21 Mar. 2007 .   

Explore the Ways That Writers Use Contrast Within a...

William Shakespeare’s â€Å"The Merchant of Venice† and Michele Roberts’ â€Å"Your Shoes† both explore similar themes of contrast, particularly within characters to create interest for the reader or audience. Shakespeare’s play was written in the late 1500s, a time of strict gender and age roles where society was largely focussed on social class that was impacted highly on by religion. This in turn led to constant discrimination to those who were not in the highest social class. Despite â€Å"Your Shoes† being a much more modern piece, it still has plenty of similarities to â€Å"The Merchant of Venice† because of similar gender and age roles that have not – in relation to social class and religious discrimination – changed a lot within modern Britain.†¦show more content†¦Roberts’ protagonist is also a very conflicting and contrasting character. The structure in ‘Your Shoes’ plays a huge par t in conveying this, as well as the language. The short is written in 1st person from the point of view of the mother, with a basic structure composed of alternating positive and negative paragraphs to reflect upon her contrasting state of mind. Within the paragraphs the mother reminisces about the good times with her daughter and portrays her as almost perfect â€Å"You’re so innocent†¦You’re too trusting, too kind†¦Ã¢â‚¬  However her thoughts quickly shift to almost resenting her daughter â€Å"I don’t think you have a clue how we feel.† particularly when she talks about her mother and that â€Å"She spoiled you. She loved you more than she loved me. It isn’t fair.† This pattern of contrasting paragraphs continues throughout the short until line 163 where the paragraph lengths are dramatically cut, the sentences gradually become shorter and frequently jump between points. By line 183 the sentences are consistently short and the ‘paragraphs’ become so random they almost have no relation to each other. Roberts uses this technique effectively to represent the contrast within the Mother to interest the reader. Similarly to Shakespeare, Roberts uses rhetorical questions particularly in the 7th paragraph to convey the continuous amount of pain the mother is going through with the loss and worry of her daughter. She does this by using 5 continuousShow MoreRelatedEssay about Alfred Hitchcocks Rear Window and the Crime Fiction Genre2515 Words   |  11 Pagestraditional character constraints of the Crime Fiction Genre, by introducing a new type of lead detective figure. The ideal detective figure encompassed traits of superiority, intelligence, wit and a keen sense for observation. The lead detective figure is a sophisticated character that is not bound to the constrictions and limitations of the Law and the exploration of this figure through the use of visual aid and techniques, provides contrast and variation on the common themes within the genre. 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